Calender wiki:
>For the system of referencing dates, see calendar. The calender is a series of rolls in a stack, at the end of a paper machine (on-line) or separate from it (off-line).The purpose of a calender is to smooth out the paper for enabling printing and writing on it, and to increase the gloss on the paper surface. It is understood to be a process of using pressure for embossing a smooth surface on the still rough paper surface. Formerly, the paper sheets were worked on with a polished hammer or pressed between polished metal sheets in a press. With the continuously operating paper machine it became a process of rolling the paper web. The nip pressure can be reduced by heating the rolls and/or moistening the paper surface. This helps to keep the bulk and the stiffness of the paper web which is beneficial for its further use.
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